Jurassic stratigraphy of East Greenland

Authors

  • Finn Surlyk Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Peter Alsen Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6218-9054
  • Morten Bjerager Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3180-8857
  • Gregers Dam Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2905-3136
  • Michael Engkilde Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
  • Carina Fabricius Hansen Birkerød, Denmark
  • Michael Larsen NEOS Oil and Gas, Virum, Denmark
  • Nanna Noe-Nygaard Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Stefan Piasecki Globe Institute, Section for GeoBiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Jens Therkelsen MOE A/S, Vordingborg, Denmark
  • Henrik Vosgerau Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-5360

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v46.6521

Keywords:

East Greenland, stratigraphy, siliciclastic sediments, uppermost Triassic, Jurassic

Abstract

The East Greenland Rift Basin comprises a series of Jurassic subbasins with different crustal configurations, and somewhat different tectonic histories and styles. The roughly N–S elongated basin is exposed in central and northern East Greenland over a length of more than 600 km and a width of up to 250 km. The southernmost exposures are found in the largest subbasin in Jameson Land, while the northernmost exposures are on Store Koldewey and in Germania Land. The focus of the present revision is on the Jurassic, but the uppermost Triassic and lowermost Cretaceous successions are included as they are genetically related to the Jurassic succession. The whole succession forms an overall transgressive–regressive megacycle with the highest sea level and maximum transgression in the Kimmeridgian.

The latest Triassic – Early Jurassic was a time of tectonic quiescence in East Greenland. Lower Jurassic deposits are up to about 950 m thick and are restricted to Jameson Land and a small down-faulted outlier in southernmost Liverpool Land. The Lower Jurassic succession forms an overall stratigraphic layer-cake package that records a shift from Rhaetian–Sinemurian fluvio-lacustrine to Pliensbachian – early Bajocian mainly shallow marine sedimentation.

Onset of rifting in the late Bajocian resulted in complete reorganisation of basin configuration and drainage patterns, and the depositional basin expanded far towards the north. Post-lower Bajocian early-rift deposits are up to about 500–600 m thick and are exposed in Jameson Land, Liverpool Land, Milne Land, Traill Ø, Geographical Society Ø, Hold with Hope, Clavering Ø, Wollaston Forland, Kuhn Ø, Th. Thomsen Land, Hochstetter Forland, Store Koldewey and Germania Land. Upper Jurassic rift-climax strata reach thicknesses of several kilometres and are exposed in the same areas with the exception of Liverpool Land and Germania Land.

In the southern part of the basin, the upper Bajocian – Kimmeridgian succession consists of stepwise backstepping units starting with shallow marine sandstones and ending with relatively deep marine mudstones in some places with sandy gravity-flow deposits and injectites. In the Jameson Land and Milne Land Subbasins, the uppermost Jurassic – lowermost Cretaceous (Volgian–Ryazanian) succession consists of forestepping stacked shelf-margin sandstone bodies with associated slope and basinal mudstones and mass-flow sandstones. North of Jameson Land, block-faulting and tilting began in the late Bajocian and culminated in the middle Volgian with formation of strongly tilted fault blocks, and the succession records continued stepwise deepening. In the Wollaston Forland – Kuhn Ø area, the Volgian is represented by a thick wedge of deep-water conglomerates and pebbly sandstones passing basinwards into mudstones deposited in fault-attached slope aprons and coalescent submarine fans.

The lithostratigraphic scheme established mainly in the 1970s and early 1980s is here revised on the basis of work undertaken over subsequent years. The entire Jurassic succession, including the uppermost Triassic (Rhaetian) and lowermost Cretaceous (Ryazanian–Hauterivian), forms the Jameson Land Supergroup. The supergroup is subdivided into the Kap Stewart, Neill Klinter, Vardekløft, Hall Bredning, and Wollaston Forland Groups, which are subdivided into 25 formations and 48 members. Many of these are revised, and 3 new formations and 14 new members are introduced.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahokas, J.M., Nystuen, J.P. & Martinius, A.W. 2014: Stratigraphic signatures of punctuated rise in relative sea-level in an estuary-dominated heterolithic succession: Incised valley fills of the Toarcian Ostreaelv Formation, Neill Klinter Group (Jameson Land, East Greenland). Marine and Petroleum Geology 50, 103–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.11.001

Aldinger, H. 1935: Geologische Beobachtungen im Oberen Jura des Scoresbysundes (Ostgrönland). Meddelelser om Grønland 99, 128 pp.

Alsen, P. 2006. The Early Cretaceous (Late Ryazanian – Early Hauterivian) ammonite fauna of North-East Greenland: taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and biogeography. Fossils and Strata 53, 229 pp.

Alsen, P. & Mutterlose, J. 2009: The early Cretaceous of North-East Greenland: A crossroads of belemnite migration. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 280, 168–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.06.011

Alsen, P. & Piasecki, S. 2018: Biostratigraphy of the Hareelv Formation (Upper Jurassic) in the Blokelv-1 core, Jameson Land, central East Greenland. In: Ineson, J. & Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A. (eds): Petroleum geology of the Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous of East and North-East Greenland: Blokelv-1 borehole, Jameson Land Basin. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 42, 15–37. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v42.4308

Alsen, P. & Surlyk, F. 2004: Maximum Middle Jurassic transgression: evidence from new ammonite finds, Bjørnedal, Traill Ø, East Greenland. In: Stemmerik, L. & Stouge, S. (eds): The Jurassic of North-East Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 5, 31–49. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v5.4806

Alsgaard, P.C., Felt, V.L., Vosgerau, H. & Surlyk, F. 2003: The Jurassic of Kuhn Ø, North-East Greenland. In: Ineson, J.R. & Surlyk, F. (eds): The Jurassic of Denmark and Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 1, 865–892. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v1.4691

Beauvais, L. 1977: Une espèce nouvelle de madreporaire dans le Jurassique supérieur du Groenland et de l’Ecosse. Implications paléobiogéographiques. Géobios 10, 135–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-6995(77)80062-4

Birkelund, T. & Callomon, J.H. 1985: The Kimmeridgian ammonite faunas of Milne Land, central East Greenland. Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 153, 56 pp. https://doi.org/10.34194/bullggu.v153.6695

Birkelund, T. & Perch-Nielsen, K. 1976: Late Palaeozoic – Mesozoic evolution of central East Greenland. In: Escher, A. & Watt, W.S. (eds): Geology of Greenland, 304–339. Copenhagen: Geological Survey of Greenland.

Birkelund, T., Håkansson, E. & Surlyk, F. 1971: New finds of Bathonian, Callovian, and Oxfordian ammonites in northern Jameson Land. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 20, 240–259.

Birkelund, T., Callomon, J.H. & Fürsich, F.T. 1984: The stratigraphy of the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sediments of Milne Land, central East Greenland. Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 147, 56 pp. https://doi.org/10.34194/bullggu.v147.6689

Bjerager, M., Alsen, P., Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A., Piasecki, S. & Pilgaard, A. 2018a: Late Jurassic evolution of the Jameson Land Basin, East Greenland – implications of the Blokelv-1 borehole. In: Ineson, J. & Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A. (eds): Petroleum geology of the Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous of East and North-East Greenland: Blokelv-1 borehole, Jameson Land Basin. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 42, 149–168. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v42.4325

Bjerager, M., Kjøller, C., Olivarius, M., Olsen, D. & Schovsbo, N. 2018b: Sedimentology, geochemistry and reservoir properties of Upper Jurassic deep marine sediments (Hareelv Formation) in the Blokelv-1 borehole, Jameson Land Basin, East Greenland. In: Ineson, J. & Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A. (eds): Petroleum geology of the Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous of East and North-East Greenland: Blokelv-1 borehole, Jameson Land Basin. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 42, 39–64. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v42.4309

Bjerager, M., Alsen, P., Bojesen-Koefoed, J., Fyhn, M.B.W., Hovikoski, J., Ineson, J.R., Nøhr-Hansen, H., Nielsen, L.H., Piasecki, S. & Vosgerau, H. 2020: Cretaceous lithostratigraphy of North-East Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 68, 37–93. https://doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-2020-68-04

Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A., Petersen, H.I., Surlyk, F. & Vosgerau, H. 1997: Organic petrography and geochemistry of inertinite-rich mudstones, Jakobsstigen Formation, Upper Jurassic, northeast Greenland: Indications of forest fires and variations in relative sea-level. International Journal of Coal Geology 34, 345–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-5162(97)00030-x

Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A., Kalkreuth, W., Petersen, H.I. & Piasecki, S. 2012: A remote coal deposit revisited: Middle Jurassic coals at Kulhøj, western Germania Land, northeast Greenland. International Journal of Coal Geology 98, 50–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.04.006

Bruhn, R. & Surlyk, F. 2004: Sand-grade density flow evolution on a shelf-edge–slope–basin-floor complex in the Upper Jurassic Olympen Formation, East Greenland. Petroleum Geoscience 10, 81–92. https://doi.org/10.1144/1354-079302-559

Callomon, J.H. 1993: The ammonite succession in the Middle Jurassic of East Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 40, 83–113.

Callomon, J.H. 1994: Jurassic ammonite biochronology of Greenland and the Arctic. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 41, 128–137.

Callomon, J.H. & Birkelund, T. 1980: The Jurassic transgression and the mid–late Jurassic succession in Milne Land, East Greenland. Geological Magazine 117, 211–310. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800030442

Callomon, J.H. & Birkelund, T. 1982: The ammonite zones of the Boreal Volgian (Upper Jurassic) in East Greenland. In: Embry, A.F. & Balkwill, H.R. (eds): Arctic Geology and Geophysics. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 8, 349–369.

Callomon, J.H., Alsen, P. & Surlyk, F. 2015: The ammonites of the Middle Jurassic Cranocephalites beds of East Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 34, 1–86. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v34.4488

Clemmensen, L.B. 1976: Tidally influenced deltaic sequences from the Kap Stewart Formation (Rhaetian–Liassic), Scoresby Land, East Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 25, 1–13.

Clemmensen, L.B. & Surlyk, F. 1976: Upper Jurassic coal-bearing shoreline deposits, Hochstetter Forland, East Greenland. Sedimentary Geology 15, 193–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(76)90016-6

Clemmensen, L.B., Kent, D.V., Mau, M., Mateus, O. & Milàn, J. 2020. Triassic lithostratigraphy of the Jameson Land basin (central East Greenland), with emphasis on the new Fleming Fjord Group. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 68, 95–132. https://doi.org./10.37570/bgsd-2020-68-05

Dam, G. 1990a: Taxonomy of trace fossils from the shallow marine Lower Jurassic Neill Klinter Formation, East Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 38, 119–144.

Dam, G. 1990b: Palaeoenvironmental significance of trace fossils from the shallow marine Lower Jurassic Neill Klinter Formation, East Greenland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 79, 221–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(90)90019-4

Dam, G. 1991: A sedimentological analysis of the continental and shallow marine Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic succession in Jameson Land, East Greenland, 243 pp. Unpublished PhD thesis, 6 parts, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Dam, G. & Christiansen, F.G. 1990: Organic geochemistry and source potential of the lacustrine shales of the Upper Triassic – Lower Jurassic Kap Stewart Formation. Marine and Petroleum Geology 7, 428–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(90)90019-d

Dam, G. & Surlyk, F. 1992: Forced regressions in a large wave- and storm-dominated anoxic lake, Rhaetian–Sinemurian Kap Stewart Formation, East Greenland. Geology 20, 749–752. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<3C0749:frialw>2.3.co;2

Dam, G. & Surlyk, F. 1993: Cyclic sedimentation in a large wave- and storm-dominated anoxic lake; Kap Stewart Formation (Rhaetian–Sinemurian), Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Posamentier et al. (eds): Sequence stratigraphy and facies associations. International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 18, 419–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444304015.ch21

Dam, G. & Surlyk, F. 1995: Sequence stratigraphic correlation of Lower Jurassic shallow marine and paralic successions across the Greenland–Norway seaway. In: Steel R.J. et al. (eds): Sequence stratigraphy on the northwest European margin. Norwegian Petroleum Society (NPF) Special Publication 5, 483–509. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0928-8937(06)80083-4

Dam, G. & Surlyk, F. 1998: Stratigraphy of the Neill Klinter Group; a Lower – lower Middle Jurassic tidal embayment succession, Jameson Land, East Greenland. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin 175, 80 pp. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v175.5026

Dam, G., Surlyk, F., Mathiesen, A. & Christiansen, F.G. 1995: Exploration significance of lacustrine forced regressions of the Rhaetian–Sinemurian Kap Stewart Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Steel, R.J. et al. (eds): Sequence stratigraphy on the northwest European margin. Norwegian Petroleum Society (NPF) Special Publication 5, 511–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0928-8937(06)80084-6

Decou, A., Andrews, S.D., Alderton, D.H.M. & Morton, A. 2017: Triassic to Early Jurassic climatic trends recorded in the Jameson Land Basin, East Greenland: clay mineralogy, petrography and heavy mineralogy. Basin Research 29, 658–673. https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12194

Donovan, D.T. 1953: The Jurassic and Cretaceous stratigraphy and palaeontology of Traill Ø, East Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 149(5), 1–14.

Donovan, D.T. 1957: The Jurassic and Cretaceous Systems in East Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 155(4), 214 pp.

Donovan, D.T. 1964: Stratigraphy and ammonite fauna of the Volgian and Berriasian rocks of East Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 154(4), 34 pp.

Doyle, P. 1991: Belemnites from the Lower Jurassic of East Greenland and their biostratigraphic significance. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 39, 123–141.

Engkilde, M. 1994: The Middle Jurassic Vardekløft Formation, East Greenland: Depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy of shallow marine sandstones deposited in a low-gradient epeiric seaway, 207 pp. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Engkilde, M. & Surlyk, F. 1993: The Middle Jurassic Vardekløft Formation of East Greenland – analogue for reservoir units of the Norwegian shelf and the northern North Sea. In: Parker, J.R. (ed.): Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe: proceedings of the 4th Conference, 533–542. London: Geological Society. https://doi.org/10.1144/0040533

Engkilde, M. & Surlyk, F. 2003: Shallow marine syn-rift sedimentation: Middle Jurassic Pelion Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Ineson, J.R. & Surlyk, F. (eds): The Jurassic of Denmark and Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 1, 813–863. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v1.4690

Eide, C.H., Howell, J.A., Buckley, S.J., Martinius, A.W., Oftedal, B.T. & Henstra, G.A. 2016: Facies model for a coarse-grained, tide-influenced delta: Gule Horn Formation (Early Jurassic), Jameson Land, Greenland. Sedimentology 63, 1474–1506. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12270

Fürsich, F.T. 1982: Upper Jurassic bivalves from Milne Land, East Greenland. Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 144, 126 pp. https://doi.org/10.34194/bullggu.v144.6686

Fürsich, F.T. & Heinberg, C. 1983: Sedimentology, biostratinomy, and palaeoecology of an Upper Jurassic offshore sand bar complex. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 32, 67–95.

Ghisler, M. 1990: Geographical subdivision of Greenland. Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 148, 8–10. https://doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v148.8108

Guarnieri, P., Brethes, A. & Rasmussen, T.M. 2017: Geometry and kinematics of the Triassic rift basin in Jameson Land (East Greenland). Tectonics 36, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016tc004419

Håkansson, E., Birkelund, T., Heinberg, C. & Willumsen, P. 1971: Preliminary results of mapping the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sediments of Milne Land. Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 37, 32–41. https://doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v37.7273

Haller, J. 1971: Geology of the East Greenland Caledonides, 413 pp. New York: Interscience Publishers.

Hansen, B.B., Milàn, J., Clemmensen, L.B., Adolfssen, J.S., Estrup, E.J., Klein, N., Mateus, O. & Wings, O. 2016: Coprolites from the Late Triassic Kap Stewart Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland: morphology, classification and prey inclusions. In: Kear, B.P., Lindgren, J., Hurum, J.H., Milàn, J. & Vajda, V. (eds): Mesozoic Biotas of Scandinavia and its Arctic Territories. Geological Society Special Publication (London) 434, 49–69. https://doi.org/10.1144/sp434.12

Hansen, C.F. 1999: Sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and geochemistry of the Sortehat Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland, 151 pp. Unpublished thesis, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Harris, T. 1937: The fossil flora of Scoresby Sound East Greenland. 5. Stratigraphic relations of the plant beds. Meddelelser om Grønland 112(1), 114 pp.

Heinberg, C. & Birkelund, T. 1984: Trace fossil assemblages and basin evolution of the Vardekløft Formation (Middle Jurassic, Central East Greenland). Journal of Paleontology 58, 362–397.

Henstra, G.A., Grundvåg, S.-A., Johannessen, E.P., Kristensen, T.B., Midtkandal, I., Nystuen, J.P., Rotevatn, A., Surlyk, F., Sæther, T. & Windelstad, J. 2016: Depositional processes and stratigraphic architecture within a coarse-grained rift-margin turbidite system: The Wollaston Forland Group, east Greenland. Marine and Petroleum Geology 76, 187–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.05.018

Hesselbo, S.P., Robinson, S.A., Surlyk, F. & Piasecki, S. 2002: Terrestrial and marine extinction at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary synchronized with major carbon-cycle perturbation: a link to initiation of massive volcanism? Geology 30(3), 251–254. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0251:tameat>2.0.co;2

Hovikoski, J., Uchman, A., Alsen, P. & Ineson, J. 2018: Ichnological and sedimentological characteristics of submarine fan deposits in a half-graben, Lower Cretaceous Palnatokes Bjerg Formation, NE Greenland. Ichnos 26(1), 28–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2017.1396981

Kelly, S.R.A., Whitham, A.G., Koraini, A.M. & Price, S.P. 1998: Lithostratigraphy of the Cretaceous (Barremian–Santonian) Hold with Hope Group, NE Greenland. Journal of the Geological Society (London) 155, 993–1008. https://doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.155.6.0993

Kelly, S.R.A., Gregory, F.J., Braham, W., Strogen, D.P. & Whitham, A.G. 2015: Towards an integrated Jurassic biostratigraphy for eastern Greenland. Volumina Jurassica 13(1), 43–64.

Knaust, D. 2019: The enigmatic trace fossil Tisoa de Serres, 1840. Earth-Science Reviews 188, 123–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.11.001

Koch, L. 1929: Stratigraphy of Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 73(2), 205–320.

Kokfelt, T.F., Keulen, N.T., Weng, W.L. & Pedersen, M. 2013: Geological map of Greenland, 1:500 000, April 2013. Copenhagen: Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland.

Koppelhus, E.B. & Dam, G. 2003: Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the Rævekløft, Gule Horn and Ostreaelv Formations (Lower–Middle Jurassic), Neill Klinter Group, Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Ineson, J.R. & Surlyk, F. (eds): The Jurassic of Denmark and Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 1, 723–775. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v1.4688

Koppelhus, E.B. & Hansen, C.F. 2003: Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the Middle Jurassic Sortehat Formation (Neill Klinter Group), Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Ineson, J.R. & Surlyk, F. (eds): The Jurassic of Denmark and Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 1, 777–811. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v1.4689

Krabbe, H. 1996: Biomarker distribution in the lacustrine shales of the Upper Triassic – Lower Jurassic Kap Stewart Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland. Marine and Petroleum Geology 13, 741–754. https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(96)00035-9

Krabbe, H., Christiansen, F.G., Dam, G., Piasecki, S. & Stemmerik, L. 1994: Organic geochemistry of the Lower Jurassic Sortehat Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland. Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 164, 5–18. https://doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v164.8266

Kürschner, W.M., Mander, L. & McElwain, J.C. 2014: A gymnosperm affinity for Ricciisporites tuberculatus Lundblad: implications for vegetation and environmental reconstructions in the Late Triassic. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 94, 295–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0163-y

Larsen, H.C. & Marcussen, C. 1992. Sill-intrusion, flood basalt emplacement and deep crustal structure of the Scoresby Sund region, East Greenland. In: Storey, B.C., Alabaster, T. & Pankhurst, R.J. (eds): Magmatism and the causes of continental break-up. Geological Society Special Publication (London) 68, 365–386. https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1992.068.01.23

Larsen, M. 1995: Facies architecture and sequence stratigraphy of basement-onlapping shallow marine sandstones of the Charcot Bugt Formation, Middle Jurassic, East Greenland, 199 pp. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Larsen, M. & Surlyk, F. 2003: Shelf-edge delta and slope deposition in the Upper Callovian – Middle Oxfordian Olympen Formation, East Greenland. In: Ineson, J.R. & Surlyk, F. (eds): The Jurassic of Denmark and Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 1, 931–948. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v1.4695

Larsen, M., Piasecki, S. & Surlyk, F. 2003: Stratigraphy and sedimentology of a basement-onlapping shallow marine sandstone succession, the Charcot Bugt Formation, Middle–Upper Jurassic, East Greenland. In: Ineson, J.R. & Surlyk, F. (eds): The Jurassic of Denmark and Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 1, 893–930. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v1.4693

Lindgreen, H. & Surlyk, F. 2000: Upper Permian – Lower Cretaceous clay mineralogy of East Greenland: provenance, palaeoclimate and volcanicity. Clay Minerals 35, 791–806. https://doi.org/10.1180/000985500547241

Mander, L., Kürschner, W.M. & McElwain, J.C. 2010: An explanation for conflicting records of Triassic–Jurassic plant diversity. PNAS 107(35): 15351–15356. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1004207107

Mander, L., Kürschner, W.M. & McElwain, J.C. 2013: Palynostratigraphy and vegetation history of the Triassic−Jurassic transition in East Greenland. Journal of the Geological Society (London) 170, 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2012-018

Maync, W. 1947: Stratigraphie der Jurabildungen Ostgrönlands zwischen Hochstetterbugten (75°) und dem Kejser Franz Joseph Fjord (73°). Meddelelser om Grønland 132(2), 223 pp.

Maync, W. 1949: The Cretaceous beds between Kuhn Island and Cape Franklin (Gauss Peninsula), northern East Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 133(3), 291 pp.

Mathiesen, A., Christiansen, F.G., Bidstrup, T., Marcussen, C., Dam, G., Piasecki, S. & Stemmerik, L. 1995: Modelling of hydrocarbon generation in the Jameson Land Basin East Greenland. First Break 13, 329–341. https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201411833

McElwain, J.C. & Punyasena, S.W. 2007: Mass extinction events and the plant fossil record. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 22(10), 548–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2007.09.003

McElwain, J.C., Popa, M.E., Hesselbo, S.P., Haworth, M. & Surlyk, F. 2007: Macroecological responses of terrestrial vegetation to climatic and atmospheric change across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary in East Greenland. Paleobiology 33(4), 547–573. https://doi.org/10.1666/06026.1

McElwain, J.C., Wagner, P.J. & Hesselbo, S.P. 2009: Fossil plant relative abundances indicate sudden loss of Late Triassic biodiversity in East Greenland. Science 324, 1554–1556. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1171706

Milàn, J., Clemmensen, L.B., Schulz Adolfssen, J., Estrup, E.J., Frobøse, N., Klein, N., Mateus, O. & Wings, O. 2012: A preliminary report on coprolites from the Late Triassic part of the Kap Stewart Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Hunt et al. (eds): Vertebrate Coprolites. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 57, 203–205.

Möller, C., Mutterlose, J. & Alsen, P. 2015: Integrated stratigraphy of Lower Cretaceous sediments (Ryazanian–Barremian) North-East Greenland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 437, 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.07.014

Nøhr-Hansen, H. 1993: Dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy of the Barremian to Albian, Lower Cretaceous, North-East Greenland. Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 166, 171 pp. https://doi.org/10.34194/bullggu.v166.6722

Nøttvedt, A., Johannessen, E.P. & Surlyk, F. 2008: The Mesozoic of Western Scandinavia and East Greenland. Episodes 31(1), 59–65. https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2008/v31i1/009

Pauly, S., Mutterlose, J. & Alsen, P. 2012a: Lower Cretaceous (upper Ryazanian – Hauterivian) chronostratigraphy of high latitudes (North-East Greenland). Cretaceous Research 34, 308–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2011.11.011

Pauly, S., Mutterlose, J. & Alsen, P. 2012b: Early Cretaceous palaeoceanography of the Greenland–Norwegian Seaway evidenced by calcareous nannofossils. Marine Micropalaeontology 90, 72−85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.04.004

Pauly, S., Mutterlose, J. & Alsen, P. 2013: Depositional environments of Lower Cretaceous (Ryazanian–Barremian) sediments from Wollaston Forland and Kuhn Ø, North-East Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 61, 19–36.

Pedersen, K.R. & Lund, J.J. 1980: Palynology of the plant-bearing Rhaetian to Hettangian Kap Stewart Formation, Scoresby Sund, East Greenland. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 31, 1–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-6667(80)90022-6

Petersen, H.I. & Vosgerau, H. 1999: Composition and organic maturity of Middle Jurassic coals, North-East Greenland: evidence for liptinite-induced suppression of huminite reflectance. International Journal of Coal Geology 41, 257–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-5162(99)00022-1

Petersen, H.I., Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A., Nytoft, H.P., Surlyk, F., Therkelsen, J. & Vosgerau, H. 1998: Relative sea-level changes recorded by paralic liptinite-enriched coal facies cycles, Middle Jurassic Muslingebjerg Formation, Hochstetter Forland, Northeast Greenland. International Journal of Coal Geology 36, 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-5162(97)00032-3

Petersen, H.I., Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A. & Nytoft, H.P. 2002: Source rock evaluation of Middle Jurassic coals, northeast Greenland, by artificial maturation: aspects of petroleum generation from coal. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 86(2), 233–256. https://doi.org/10.1306/61eeda9e-173e-11d7-8645000102c1865d

Piasecki, S. 1979: Hauterivian dinoflagellate cysts from Milne Land. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 28, 31–37.

Piasecki, S. & Stemmerik, L. 2004: Jurassic dinoflagellate cysts from Hochstetter Forland, North-East Greenland. In: Stemmerik, L. & Stouge, S. (eds): The Jurassic of North-East Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 5, 89–97. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v5.4809

Piasecki, S., Callomon, J.H. & Stemmerik, L. 2004: Jurassic dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy of Store Koldewey, North-East Greenland. In: Stemmerik, L. & Stouge, S. (eds): The Jurassic of North-East Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 5, 99–112. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v5.4810

Piasecki, S., Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A. & Alsen, P. 2020: Notes on the geology of the Falkebjerg region, Wollaston Forland, North-East Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 68, 155–170. https://doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-2020-68-07

Popa, M. & McElwain, J.C. 2009: Bipinnate Ptilozamites nilssonii from Jameson Land and new considerations on the genera Ptilozamites Nathorst 1878 and Ctenozamites Nathorst 1886. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology 153, 386–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2008.10.007

Pott, C. 2014: A revision of Wielandiella angustifolia, a shrub-sized bennettite from the Rhaetian–Hettangian of Scania, Sweden, and Jameson Land, Greenland. International Journal of Plant Sciences 175(4), 467–499. https://doi.org/10.1086/675577

Poulsen, N.E. 1985: Dinocyststratigrafien i den nedre del af Hareelv Formationen (Øvre Jura), Jameson Land, Østgrønland. Dansk Geologisk Forening, Årsskrift for 1984, 133–137.

Price, S.P. & Whitham, A.G. 1997: Exhumed hydrocarbon traps in East Greenland: analogs for the Lower–Middle Jurassic play of Northwest Europe. AAPG Bulletin 81, 196–221. https://doi.org/10.1306/522b42e9-1727-11d7-8645000102c1865d

Ravn, J.P. 1911: On Jurassic and Cretaceous fossils from North-East Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 45(10), 437–500. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.29066

Rosenkrantz, A. 1929: Preliminary account of the geology of the Scoresby Sund district. Meddelelser om Grønland 73(2), 135–154.

Rosenkrantz, A. 1934: The Lower Jurassic rocks of East Greenland. Part I. Meddelelser om Grønland 110(1), 150 pp.

Rosenkrantz, A. 1942: The Lower Jurassic rocks of East Greenland. Part II. The Mesozoic sediments of the Kap Hope area, southern Liverpool Land area. Meddelelser om Grønland 110(2), 56 pp.

Seidler, L., Steel, R.J., Stemmerik, L. & Surlyk, F. 2004: North Atlantic marine rifting in the Early Triassic – new evidence from East Greenland. Journal of the Geological Society (London) 161, 583–592. https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-764903-063

Spath, L.F. 1932: The invertebrate faunas of the Bathonian–Callovian deposits of Jameson Land (East Greenland). Meddelelser om Grønland 87(7), 158 pp.

Spath, L.F. 1935: The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. I. Oxfordian and Lower Kimmeridgian. Meddelelser om Grønland 99(2), 82 pp.

Spath, L.F. 1936: The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. II. Upper Kimmeridgian and Portlandian. Meddelelser om Grønland 99(3), 180 pp.

Spath, L.F. 1947: Additional observations on the invertebrates (chiefly ammonites) of the Jurassic and Cretaceous of East Greenland. I. The Hectoroceras fauna of S.W. Jameson Land. Meddelelser om Grønland 13(3), 70 pp.

Steinthorsdottir, M., Woodward, F.I., Surlyk, F. & McElwain, J.C. 2012: Deep-time evidence of a link between elevated CO2 concentrations and perturbations in the hydrological cycle via drop in plant transpiration. Geology 40, 815−818. https://doi.org/10.1130/g33334.1

Steinthorsdottir, M., Tosollini, A.-M. & McElwain, J.C. 2015: Evidence for insect and annelid activity across the Triassic–Jurassic transition of East Greenland. Palaios 30, 597–607. https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2014.093

Stemmerik, L. & Piasecki, S. 1990: Post-Caledonian sediments in North-East Greenland between 76° and 78°30’N. Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 148, 123–126. https://doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v148.8131

Stemmerik, L., Clausen, O.R., Korstgård, J., Larsen, M., Piasecki, S., Seidler, L., Surlyk, F. & Therkelsen, J. 1997: Petroleum geological investigations in East Greenland: project ‘Resources of the sedimentary basins of North and East Greenland’. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin 176, 29–38. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v176.5058

Surlyk, F. 1973: The Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary in Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Casey, R. & Rawson, P.F. (eds): The Boreal Lower Cretaceous. Geological Journal Special Issue 5, 81–100.

Surlyk, F. 1975: Block faulting and associated marine sedimentation at the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary, East Greenland. NPF-Jurassic Northern North Sea Symposium 7, 1–31.

Surlyk, F. 1977a: Stratigraphy, tectonics and palaeogeography of the Jurassic sediments of the areas north of Kong Oscars Fjord, East Greenland. Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 123, 56 pp. https://doi.org/10.34194/bullggu.v123.6665

Surlyk, F. 1977b: Mesozoic faulting in East Greenland. In: Frost, R.T.C. & Dikkers, A.J. (eds): Fault tectonics in NW Europe. Geologie en Mijnbouw 56, 311–327.

Surlyk, F. 1978a: Submarine fan sedimentation along fault scarps on tilted fault blocks (Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary, East Greenland). Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 128, 108 pp. https://doi.org/10.34194/bullggu.v128.6670

Surlyk, F. 1978b: Jurassic basin evolution of East Greenland. Nature 274(5667), 130–133. https://doi.org/10.1038/274130a0

Surlyk, F. 1978c: Mesozoic geology and palaeogeography of Hochstetter Forland, East Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 27, 73–87.

Surlyk, F. 1984: Fan-delta to submarine fan conglomerates of the Volgian-Valanginian Wollaston Forland Group, East Greenland. In: Koster, E.H. & Steel, R.J. (eds): Sedimentology of gravel and conglomerates. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 10, 359–382.

Surlyk, F. 1987: Slope and deep shelf gully sandstones, Upper Jurassic, East Greenland. AAPG Geologists Bulletin 71, 464–475. https://doi.org/10.1306/94886ecf-1704-11d7-8645000102c1865d

Surlyk, F. 1989: Mid-Mesozoic syn-rift turbidite systems: controls and predictions. In: Collinson, J.D. (ed.): Correlation in hydrocarbon exploration, 231–241. London: Graham & Trotman for the Norwegian Petroleum Society (NPF).

Surlyk, F. 1990a: Timing, style and sedimentary evolution of Late Palaeozoic – Mesozoic extensional basins of East Greenland. In: Hardman, R.F.P. & Brooks, J. (eds): Tectonic events responsible for Britain’s oil and gas reserves. Geological Society Special Publication (London) 55, 107–125. https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1990.055.01.05

Surlyk, F. 1990b: A Jurassic sea-level curve for East Greenland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 78, 71–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(90)90205-l

Surlyk, F. 1991: Sequence stratigraphy of the Jurassic – lowermost Cretaceous of East Greenland. AAPG Bulletin 75, 1468–1488. https://doi.org/10.1306/0c9b296b-1710-11d7-8645000102c1865d

Surlyk, F. 2003: The Jurassic of East Greenland: a sedimentary record of thermal subsidence, onset and culmination of rifting. In: Ineson, J.R. & Surlyk, F. (eds): The Jurassic of Denmark and Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 1, 659–722. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v1.4674

Surlyk, F. & Clemmensen, L.B. 1975: A Valanginian turbidite sequence and its palaeogeographical setting (Kuhn Ø, East Greenland). Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 24, 61–73.

Surlyk, F. & Clemmensen, L.B. 1983: Rift propagation and eustacy as controlling factors during Jurassic inshore and shelf sedimentation in northern East Greenland. Sedimentary Geology 34, 119–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(83)90083-0

Surlyk, F. & Korstgård, J. 2013: Crestal unconformities on an exposed Jurassic tilted fault block, Wollaston Forland, East Greenland as an analogue for buried hydrocarbon traps. Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology 44, 82−95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.03.009

Surlyk, F. & Noe-Nygaard, N. 1991: Sand bank and dune facies architecture of a wide intracratonic seaway: Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous Raukelv Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Miall, A.D. & Tyler, N. (eds): The three-dimensional facies architecture of terrigenous clastic sediments and its implication for hydrocarbon discovery and recovery. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology). Concepts in Sedimentology and Paleontology 3, 261–276. https://doi.org/10.2110/csp.91.03.0261

Surlyk, F. & Noe-Nygaard, N. 1995: High-angle clinoform beds – a recurrent architectural element in Jurassic shallow marine deposits of East Greenland. Sedimentary responses to forced regression: recognition, interpretation and reservoir potential. Geological Society, London, 7–9 September 1995. Programme with abstracts, 64–65.

Surlyk, F. & Noe-Nygaard, N. 2000: Jurassic sequence stratigraphy of East Greenland. In: Hall, R.L. & Smith, P.L. (eds): Advances in Jurassic research 2000. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on the Jurassic System. GeoResearch Forum 6, 357–366.

Surlyk, F. & Noe-Nygaard, N. 2001a: Cretaceous faulting and associated coarse-grained marine gravity flow sedimentation, Traill Ø, East Greenland. In: Martinsen, O.J. & Dreyer, T. (eds): Sedimentary environments offshore Norway – Palaeozoic to Recent. Norwegian Petroleum Society (NPF) Special Publication 10, 293–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0928-8937(01)80019-9

Surlyk, F. & Noe-Nygaard, N. 2001b: Sand remobilisation and intrusion in the Upper Jurassic Hareelv Formation of East Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 48, 211–230.

Surlyk, F. & Noe-Nygaard, N. 2003: A giant sand injection complex: the Upper Jurassic Hareelv Formation of East Greenland. Geologia Croatica 56, 69–81.

Surlyk, F. & Noe-Nygaard, N. 2005: A forced regressive shelf-margin wedge formed by transition-slope progradation: lowermost Cretaceous Rauk Plateau Member, Jameson Land, East Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 52, 227–243.

Surlyk, F., Bromley, R.G., Asgaard, U. & Pedersen, K.R. 1971: Preliminary account of the mapping of the Mesozoic formations of south-east Jameson Land. Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 37, 24–32. https://doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v37.7272

Surlyk, F., Callomon, J.H., Bromley, R.G. & Birkelund, T. 1973: Stratigraphy of the Lower Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous sediments of Jameson Land and Scoresby Land, East Greenland. Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 105, 76 pp. https://doi.org/10.34194/bullggu.v105.6646

Surlyk, F., Noe-Nygaard, N. & Dam, G. 1993: High and low resolution sequence stratigraphy in lithological prediction – examples from the Mesozoic around the northern North Atlantic. In: Parker, J.R. (ed.): Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe. Proceedings of the 4th Conference, 199–214. London: Geological Society. https://doi.org/10.1144/0040199

Surlyk, F., Gjelberg, J. & Noe-Nygaard, N. 2007: The Upper Jurassic Hareelv Formation of East Greenland: A giant sedimentary injection complex. In: Hurst, A. & Cartwright, J. (eds): Sand injectites: implications for hydrocarbon exploration and production. AAPG Memoir 87, 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1306/1209858m871101

Sykes, R.M. 1974a: Sedimentological studies in southern Jameson Land, East Greenland. I. Fluviatile sequences in the Kap Stewart Formation (Rhaetic–Hettangian). Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 23, 203–212.

Sykes, R.M. 1974b: Sedimentological studies in southern Jameson Land, East Greenland. II. Offshore–estuarine regressive sequences in the Neill Klinter Formation (Pliensbachian–Toarcian). Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 23, 213–224.

Sykes, R.M. & Brand, R.P. 1976: Fan-delta sedimentation: An example from the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous of Milne Land, central East Greenland. Geologie en Mijnbouw 55, 195–203.

Sykes, R.M. & Surlyk, F. 1976: A revised ammonite zonation of the Boreal Oxfordian and its application in northeast Greenland. Lethaia 9, 421–436. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1976.tb00984.x

Therkelsen, J. & Surlyk, F. 2004: The fluviatile Bristol Elv Formation, a new lithostratigraphical unit from Traill Ø, North-East Greenland. In: Stemmerik, L. & Stouge, S. (eds): The Jurassic of North-East Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 5, 19–29. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v5.4801

Underhill, J. & Partington, M.A. 1993: Use of genetic sequence stratigraphy in defining and determining a regional tectonic control on the ‘Mid-Cimmerian Unconformity’ - implications for North Sea Basin development and the global sea-level chart. In: Weimer, P. & Posamentier, H. (eds): Siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy. AAPG Memoir 58, 449–484.

Vischer, A. 1943: Die Postdevonische Tektonik von Ostgrönland zwischen 74° und 75° n. Br. Meddelelser om Grønland 133(1), 195 pp.

Vosgerau, H. 1997: Depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy of a Middle–Upper Jurassic early syn-rift succession deposited in a low-gradient epeiric seaway, the Wollaston Forland Basin, Northeast Greenland, 110 pp. Unpublished PhD thesis, 3 parts, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Vosgerau, H., Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A., Petersen, H.I. & Surlyk, F. 2000: Forest fires, climate, and sea-level changes in a coastal plain–shallow marine succession (Early–Middle Oxfordian Jakobsstigen Formation, Northeast Greenland). Journal of Sedimentary Research 70, 408–418. https://doi.org/10.1306/2dc40919-0e47-11d7-8643000102c1865d

Vosgerau, H., Larsen, M., Piasecki, S. & Therkelsen, J. 2004a: A new Middle–Upper Jurassic succession on Hold with Hope, North-East Greenland. In: Stemmerik, L. & Stouge, S. (eds): The Jurassic of North-East Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 5, 51–71. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v5.4807

Vosgerau, H., Alsen, P., Carr, I.D., Therkelsen, J., Stemmerik, L. & Surlyk, F. 2004b: Jurassic syn-rift sedimentation on a seawards-tilted fault block, Traill Ø, North-East Greenland. In: Stemmerik, L. & Stouge, S. (eds): The Jurassic of North-East Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 5, 9–18. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v5.4800

Williford, K.H., Grice, K., Holman, A. & McElwain, J.C. 2014: An organic record of terrestrial ecosystem collapse and recovery at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary in East Greenland. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 127, 251–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.11.033

Published

09-07-2021

How to Cite

Surlyk, F., Alsen, P., Bjerager, M., Dam, G., Engkilde, M., Hansen, C. F., Larsen, M., Noe-Nygaard, N., Piasecki, S., Therkelsen, J. ., & Vosgerau, H. (2021). Jurassic stratigraphy of East Greenland. GEUS Bulletin, 46. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v46.6521

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 5 > >>